{"id":4532,"date":"2021-01-23T00:36:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-23T00:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/?page_id=4532"},"modified":"2024-02-21T08:39:20","modified_gmt":"2024-02-21T08:39:20","slug":"elementor-4532","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/?page_id=4532","title":{"rendered":"Farming before 1500"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4532\" class=\"elementor elementor-4532\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ba17e72 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ba17e72\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a1a6715\" data-id=\"a1a6715\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32e3a05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"32e3a05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Farming Before 1500<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7bf81d1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7bf81d1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-50a8e8f\" data-id=\"50a8e8f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e5aeca elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7e5aeca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/laxton-041a-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4584\" alt=\"Laxton\" srcset=\"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/laxton-041a-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/laxton-041a-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/laxton-041a-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/laxton-041a-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/laxton-041a-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Laxton, Nottinghamshire, in 2013 where open-field farming is still practised<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-483faef elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"483faef\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e6091e6\" data-id=\"e6091e6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-953cdc7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"953cdc7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The poor survival of records, and the challenges of reading and interpreting them, may make it difficult to discover much about farming before 1500. The earliest source for most settlements is Domesday Book, and many <a href=\"https:\/\/opendomesday.org\/\">translations<\/a> have been published. Domesday Book was compiled in 1086 and is arranged by landowner and then by manor (not parish). For most Leicestershire manors it records the amount of land, expressed in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.domesdaybook.co.uk\/glossary.html\">carucates<\/a>, and for some it also provides the extent of any meadow. The information is not easy to interpret, but the section on medieval agrarian history in <em>VCH Leicestershire<\/em> volume II (not available online) provides a useful introduction.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ec6243 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6ec6243\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2117cfb\" data-id=\"2117cfb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-917cbbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"917cbbb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This section of <em>VCH Leicestershire<\/em> volume II also provides an introduction to later medieval records. The main sources will be inquisitions post mortem, manorial accounts and court rolls. These will mostly relate to the lord\u2019s own land (demesne), and rarely have much to say about peasant farming.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c8be00f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c8be00f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f61eeb5\" data-id=\"f61eeb5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8324097 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8324097\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Almost all original medieval records require knowledge of Latin and skill at reading early handwriting. The National Archives has some <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/help-with-your-research\/reading-old-documents\/\">online tutorials<\/a> that can help.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-30ecbe8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"30ecbe8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9f0b245\" data-id=\"9f0b245\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8171445 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8171445\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Inquisitions Post Mortem are statements of the land held by a chief tenant under the king at the time of that chief tenant\u2019s death. The documents are held at The National Archives, but summaries (calendars) have been published, and many of these are <a href=\"http:\/\/www.medievalgenealogy.org.uk\/sources\/ipm.shtml\">online<\/a>. More information will be in the documents themselves, which are held at <a href=\"http:\/\/discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/\">The National Archives<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-624502f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"624502f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f932fa3\" data-id=\"f932fa3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d95b188 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d95b188\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/manor-search\">Manorial Documents Register<\/a> will list the manorial accounts and court rolls which survive, and tell you where they are held. Accounts relate to the lord\u2019s demesne. Court rolls may include information about breaches of farming \u2018by-laws\u2019, for example by people grazing more than their permitted number of livestock.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4f337be elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4f337be\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b006c77\" data-id=\"b006c77\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d05f7af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d05f7af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Across Leicestershire, most of the farmland in this period was laid out in three great open fields, one of which would lay fallow each year (in rotation) to restore fertility. People would have a number of strips in each field, spread out across the parish, to share out the better and the more marginal soils. A marker at the end of each strip would identify who farmed that strip.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d039d25\" data-id=\"d039d25\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70aacfb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"70aacfb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/laxton-046a-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4588\" alt=\"Marker at Laxton\" srcset=\"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/laxton-046a-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/laxton-046a-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/laxton-046a-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/laxton-046a-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/laxton-046a-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Farming Before 1500 Laxton, Nottinghamshire, in 2013 where open-field farming is still practised The poor survival of records, and the challenges of reading and interpreting them, may make it difficult to discover much about farming before 1500. The earliest source for most settlements is Domesday Book, and many translations have been published. Domesday Book was [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4532","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4532","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4532"}],"version-history":[{"count":29,"href":"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4532\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5096,"href":"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4532\/revisions\/5096"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/leicestershirehistory.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4532"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}